英语复习知识点概要reason和reduce和refer to
reason
for this/that reason因为这个/那个原因：for no good reason没有正当的理由；for a simple reason因为一个很简单的原因；for some political reasons因为政治原因；for the reason of health由于健康原因；give a reason提供理由。
注意：reason词后的表语从句用that引导，定语从句多用why引导，偶尔用which引导。
[应用]用适当的连词填空
①His reason for being late was________he missed the bus.
②The reason__________he didn’t come to school was that he was ill.
③The doctor gave reason________ couldn’t explain the failure of the operation.
Key :①that ②why ③which/that
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reduce
reduce the number of减少……的数量；
reduce the cost/one’s weight/the price/speed降低成本/减肥/降价/减速
注意：reduce是increase的反义词。与by连用表示“减少了多少”；与to连用则表示“减少到多少”。
[应用]完成句子
①今年吸烟人数已减少了30%
The number of smokers has been reduced _________30%.
②现在一辆自行车的成本已降低到50美元。
Now the cost of a bike has been reduced _______50 dollars.
Key:①by ②to
refer to, refer…to
1）refer 可用作及物动词，用于refer… to,表示“将……提交给”。如：
refer this problem to the school把这个问题提交学校；
refer the matter to the United Nations.将这件事情提交联合国
2)refer表示“谈到，涉及；查阅，参考，指”时是不及物动词，需用refer to结构。如：
The book which you referred to is not in the library.
你所指的那本书不在图书馆。
His report refers to the situation in the Middle East.
他的报告谈到中东的形势。
短语：refer to the map/one’s notes/the dictionary
查阅地图/参考笔记/查字典
注意：look up word in the dictionary 查字典
对比：refer to 指语言、内容与某人（物）有关；而point to表示用手指向某人（物）。如：
I didn’t know whom she was referring to.
我不知道她指的是谁。
She pointed to the map and explained to the students.
她指着地图给学生做出解释。
[应用]完成句子
①我在加拿大时，一位朋友经常提起白求恩大夫。
A friend of mine often ______ _______ Dr.Bethune when I was in
Canada.
②两国把这件事提交给了联合国。
The two countries. _______the matter _______the United Nations.
Key:①referred,to ②referred,to
